APOE and Alzheimer disease: Sex-stratified analyses suggested that observed effects of both APOE2 and APOE4 on entorhinal (ND and HI) and cingulum (ND) microstructure were limited to women, highlighting the importance of sex stratification in investigations of APOE. Women are more vulnerable to effects of APOE4 on memory decline [45] as well as risk for AD dementia [16] and neuropathology [46], and more limited data suggest that APOE2 also confers greater protection against AD risk for women than men [16].