TNF and neoplasm: CIONPs stimulated the BV2 microglial cells to adopt a pro-inflammatory phenotype, as indicated by the upregulated TNF-\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}\usepackage{amsmath}\usepackage{wasysym}\usepackage{amsfonts}\usepackage{amssymb}\usepackage{amsbsy}\usepackage{mathrsfs}\usepackage{upgreek}\setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt}\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α (anti-tumour marker) and downregulated pro-tumour markers (Arginase-1 and CD206) revealed by real-time PCR [36].