Following a median follow-up of 6 years, of 995 previously treated patients, investigators reported 35 cases of MDS/AML, while no case of MDS/AML was reported in the 76 patients receiving RIT as initial therapy.44 Within the SWOG S0016 analysis of CHOP plus rituximab or CHOP plus 131I-Tositumomab, 5 (1.8%) treated with R-CHOP and 13 (4.9%) who received CHOP-RIT developed AML or MDS.8 Although rates of MDS/AML were higher than in other reports, patients receiving CHOP-RIT had significantly better 10-year PFS compared with patients in the R-CHOP arm (56% vs 42%).8 The gene discussed is DDIT3; the disease is acute myeloid leukemia.