22 Our data have identified 5FU+OHP drives type I interferon pathways, which are known to exert wide ranging effects on immune and cancer cells within the tumor microenvironment.23 Specific genes modulated by monotherapy 5FU+OHP treatment included IFN-γ, CCL3, CCL8, LAG3 and Granzyme B (upregulated) with downregulation of CXCL2, IL-1B, CD103 and XCR1. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and neoplasm.