Consistent with our observations with respect to the presence of a CD8+ T cell–dominant myocarditis in the hearts of the ISOprimed/ISOinjury PD-1−/− mice, we detected significant differences in the number of CD8+CD62L−CD44− effector T cells (Figure 6G) and CD8+CD62L−CD44+ effector memory T cells (Figure 6H), as well as a significant decrease in the ratio of naïve/effector CD8+ T cells (Figure 6J) in the spleen at all the time points that were examined. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is myocarditis.