BRAF and central nervous system neoplasm: BRAF mutations, including BRAFV600E, are present in about 7% of all CNS tumors, with prevalence in 60% of pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas (PXA), 10–12% of anaplastic PXA, 80–95% of benign papillary craniopharyngioma, 38% of astroblastoma, 20–70% of gangliogliomas, 10% of pilocytic astrocytoma, and 1–2% of adult glioblastomas (GBM) [4,81].