The concentrations of kidney injury markers NGAL and KIM-1 and the biomarker of proximal tubular damage in urine, NAG, and the marker for the progression of CKD adiponectin were all significantly increased adenine + WPS group when compared with adenine + air (p < 0.0001–p < 0.01) and WPS (p < 0.0001–p < 0.001) groups (Figure 3). Here, ADIPOQ is linked to chronic kidney disease.