In contrast to its anti-tumor immunity in melanoma, TGR5 is required for the M2 polarization of TAMs, and TGR5 suppresses anti-tumor immunity in NSCLC through the TAM-mediated CD8+ T-cell suppression and the activation of the cAMP-STAT3/STAT6 signaling, implying its onco-immunological role in NSCLC [178]. This evidence concerns the gene GPBAR1 and melanoma.