CCL2 and inflammation: In these diseases, increased proinflammatory factors, such as IL-1β, which is secreted by several different cell types and is one of the key cytokines involved in diabetic inflammation; IL-6, expressed and secreted by macrophages and adipocytes, which are observed in obesity-related diseases; and MCP-1, also secreted by macrophages and adipocytes, which is important in regulating inflammation, play important roles [2].