Specifically, the present review found that a six-week supplementation in GDM patients with a probiotic capsule (LactoCare®, Zisttakhmir Company, Tehran, Iran) of Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Bifidobacterium bifidum, and Lactobacillus fermentum, specifically with 2 ×109 colony-forming units (CFU) of each bacterium per gram, has beneficial effects on the expression of genes related to insulin and inflammation, glycaemic control, some lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress [16]. This evidence concerns the gene INS and gestational diabetes.