INS and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Increasing BMI was also found to increase fasting blood glucose levels, an effect that stabilized as BMI increased and has been previously observed [47]; however, associations with lower fasting blood glucose were also identified as gestation increased, which is surprising and for which there is a clear biological explanation, as insulin resistance has been found to increase significantly in the third trimester in women with type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes [48].