TNF and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Afterward, HA, Hylach 1, and Hylach 2 compounds were administered to the inflamed cell cultures for 4 and 10 h, and qPCR analysis revealed that all the molecules decreased the cellular expression of all the pro-inflammatory molecules IL-1β, TNF-α, and TGF-β in cells from the control donors, whereas only Hylach compounds have this effect in cells isolated from IPF patients (Figure 6).