TGFB1 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Regarding pulmonary fibroblasts from patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, both Hylach and HA significantly reduced the gene and protein expression of collagen III, elastin, and TGF-β, with the effect of Hylach being more pronounced than that of HA (p < 0.0001 vs. p < 0.01).