In current clinical practice, several targeted agents are routinely used to treat patients with NSCLC harboring actionable genomic alterations in several genes: activating mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR gene (occurs in 10–30% of NSCLC with the incidence increasing up to 60% in Asians) [4], KRAS mutations (30%), ALK gene rearrangements (3–7%), MET variants (3–4%), BRAF mutations (1–2%), RET alterations (1–2%), HER2 mutations (1–2%), ROS1 chromosomal rearrangements (1–2%) [3]. This evidence concerns the gene ROS1 and non-small cell lung carcinoma.