Specifically, MTCH1, PPM1D, TP53I3, and UBC were significantly upregulated after AFB1 exposure and had a higher HR associated with survival outcomes in HCC patients, suggesting that MTCH1, PPM1D, TP53I3, and UBC genes may serve as the optimal shared biomarkers for AFB1 and HCC. This evidence concerns the gene PPM1D and hepatocellular carcinoma.