TNF and inflammatory bowel disease: Anti-TNFs were evaluated in 10 studies63–72 in patients with either RA, AS, PsO or PsA,64 65 67 69 AS only,66 2 in PsA only68 72 and 3 in IBD.63 70 71 Of the 10 studies, 1 used an RCT design,68 1 a prospective cohort design72 and the remaining were retrospective cohort studies.63–67 69–71 Two studies only evaluated infliximab,68 70 while the remaining studies evaluated two or more of the following anti-TNF drugs, entanercept,64–67 69 72 adalimumab,63–67 69 71 golimumab,63–66 infliximab63 69 and certolizumab.63 The mean age of participants ranged from 31 years71 to 57.5 years.67