In cases of BV, a high concentrations of acetic (100 mM) and butyric (20 mM) acids can specifically stimulate TLR1/2/3 in cervicovaginal epithelial cells, leading to increased secretion of the TNF-α while inhibiting the production of IL-6, RANTES, and IP-10 (34). The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is bacterial vaginosis.