ENPP2 and cancer: Our prior work characterized a lipid metabolic switch in the PDAC stroma wherein pancreatic stellate cells, following differentiation to cancer-associated fibroblasts, secrete high levels of lysophosphatidylcholines; these lipids are hydrolyzed by cancer cell-derived ATX, resulting in mitogenic LPA signaling through LPA receptors and downstream activation of effector pathways implicated in proliferation and survival24.