GSDMD and infection: During infection with F. novicida, cGAS-induced IFNs were inhibited by GSDMD-mediated K+ efflux, and GSDMD deficiency was found to prevent cytoplasmic K+ efflux and enhance dsDNA binding to cGAS, thereby activating the cGAS-STING pathway and promoting IFNs secretion [62], suggesting that GSDMD inhibits cGAS mediated IFNs secretion.