An important impact of HIV infection, especially if uncontrolled, is the dysregulation of both the adaptive and innate host immunity, leading to both immunodeficiency and chronic inflammation with notable increase in inflammatory cytokines [69], which may contribute to upregulation of WT1, perhaps through activation of transcription factors, such as NFκB, known to regulate WT1 transcription. The gene discussed is WT1; the disease is immunodeficiency disease.