This conclusion was further validated by the findings of Ling L et al, who also applied gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) in that study to confirm the enrichment of the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in EBV+DLBCL, which was consistent with the results of increased expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3) in EBV+DLBCL, suggesting that STAT3 may be activated by EBV (79). The gene discussed is STAT3; the disease is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.