Moreover, the combination of DNAzyme walkers and CRISPR-Cas12a/Cas13a systems was used to simultaneously detect exosomal protein biomarkers of lung cancer, serum amyloid A-1 protein (SAA1), and coagulation factor V (FV), exhibiting high sensitivity (30.00 pg/mL for SAA1 and 200.00 pg/mL for FV), specificity, and accuracy (86.96%) (Ding et al., 2022). Here, F5 is linked to lung carcinoma.