The CyTOF results shed light on the CD4 effector memory and CD4 central memory T cells; therefore, the whole transcriptome profiling was carried out for these FACS-sorted particular cell types in all smoking conditions, such as healthy controls, stable COPD, exacerbating COPD, and NSCLC patient-derived samples. The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.