However, LDLR-deficient mice demonstrated similar levels of the accumulation of plasma cholesterol and cholesteryl ester, irrespective of PCSK9 levels, indicating that PCSK9’s influence on atherosclerosis is primarily through the LDLR.132 A limitation of this study is the absence of evaluations of inflammatory markers, which could elucidate the connection between PCSK9, cholesterol, and inflammation. Here, LDLR is linked to atherosclerosis.