Finally, we observed the expression of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB proteins by western blot in rat brain and BV2 cells treated with hemin or hemin + inhibitors to validate the hypothesis that free heme could induce neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment by microglial activation via the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. The gene discussed is TLR4; the disease is Cognitive impairment.