HLA-C and cancer: In this study, our results showed increases in PD-L1 expression on cancer cells (Fig. 6G, H and Fig. S3F–H, S4E), induction of neoantigen expression (Fig. 6A and Fig. S3A, S4A), upregulation of MHC and antigen-processing genes (Fig. 6B–F and Fig. S3B–E, S4B–D), and rendering immunologically cold breast cancer higher sensitivity to ICB (Fig. 6I–K and Fig. S5).