Identification of ACTRT2, HOXD12, ABCB5, ATP8B4, ABCC12 genes (Table 1) involved in Krebs cycle, renal carcinoma, Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) signalling, RNA degradation, Histidine metabolism and folate biosynthesis pathways (Figure 6) requires further study to explore their roles in modifying the HIV-1 phenotype. This evidence concerns the gene ACTRT2 and renal carcinoma.