TP53 and gingival cancer: These data are in line with the findings of Akhtar et al. [20] and Bai et al. [67] who demonstrated that ZnONP nanocomposites selectively cause significant apoptosis, cytotoxicity and autophagy in cancer cells such as human ovarian cells and gingival cancer cells, which is likely to be mediated by ROS and oxidative stress assembly via p53 pathway and superoxide formation via the mitochondrial intrinsic pathway [68].