ACE and coinfection: Logistic regression model showed that the presence of ACE1 D/D genotype or D allele was an independent risk factor for severe COVID-19 among studied patients (adjusted OR: 2.6; [95% CI: 1.6–9.7]; P < 0.001, for the ACE1 D/D genotype and adjusted OR: 1.96; [95% CI: 1.4–3.8]; P < 0.01 for the ACE1 D allele) controlling for age, sex and viral co-infection; Table 5.