For example, AKT1 is involved in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, PD-L1 expression, and PD-1 checkpoint pathway in cancer, TNF is involved in the L-17 signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, etc. By signaling multiple signaling pathways, the hub target connects multiple signaling pathways into an interoperable signaling network. The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is cancer.