AHR and asthma: However, in influenza-induced asthma exacerbation mice, LysMCreCul5fl/fl mice showed reduced AHR (Fig. 2a), mucus deposition, tissue destruction, cell infiltration, and collagen accumulation (Fig. 2b and Supplementary Fig. 3h), total cell count, and M protein (influenza virus ion channel protein) levels in BALF (Fig. 2c–d), and IgE expression (Fig. 2e) compared to Cul5fl/fl mice.