IL1B and respiratory system disorder: Caspases-1enzyme cleavages the pro-IL-1β and allows secretion of IL-1β.264 Elevated IL-1β has a profibrotic effect, and usually occurs in combination with higher expression of IL-1Rs in fibrogenesis.265 A study on mouse primary lung fibroblasts showed that the NLRP3 inflammasome increases IL-1β production, leading to lung fibrosis when induced by bleomycin.266 Collectively, these investigations have helped to clarify the role of inflammasomes in the development of pulmonary fibrosis and may lead to the discovery of new treatment targets for various respiratory disorders.