Increased neurohumoral drive such as heart failure condition-induced glial remodeling caused decreased GLT1 and increased GLAST to elevate ambient glutamate level; thus, increased INMDA of SON NMCs (Potapenko et al., 2012) and similar changes in GLT1 was also observed in SON MNCs during dehydration (Fleming et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene SLC1A3 and heart failure.