KDR and Alzheimer disease: Increased levels of VEGF have been detected in the plasma or brain parenchyma of AD patients and 10- to 14-month-old AD mice of both sexes, and have been linked to microvascular leakage and reduced blood flow possibly through binding and activation of VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2), which was also found to be increased in the cortex of AD mice [22–26].