TNF and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Furthermore, using the human monocyte leukemia cell line THP-1 (Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics-1)17, we analyzed the impact of distinct OSAS and obesity related parameters like hypoxia, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and leptin on the secretion patterns of relevant cytokines, chemokines and cellular adhesion molecules and chemokine receptors.