Given the new evidence for the significant beneficial effects of empagliflozin together with insulin on endothelial function, peripheral and central blood pressure, vascular stiffness, and microvascular perfusion of both heart and skeletal muscle, it will be important to assess the role of this interaction in other clinically relevant settings (e.g., type 2 diabetes patients with progressive renal insufficiency, heart failure, and/or ischemic heart disease with or without type 2 DM). Here, INS is linked to heart failure.