Notably, we found that Igfbp5 had a significantly lower expression in cancer cells treated with the vehicle control compared to clodronate-treated cells and observed that TAM depletion markedly increased the level of Igfbp5. Igfbp5 has been shown to be a tumor suppressor that inhibits migration, invasion, and EMT of cancer cells 60, 61. This evidence concerns the gene IGFBP5 and neoplasm.