Furthermore, it has been shown that after RT-induced tumor ablation, there is a release of tumor-associated antigens which modulates the efficacy of immunotherapy, including cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) checkpoint blockade 132 and anti-programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based immunotherapy 133. Here, CTLA4 is linked to neoplasm.