XCL1 and neoplasm: Previous data suggest that once pIRF3 enters the nucleus, it activates the type I IFN response, consequently stimulating the secretion of chemokines, Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5), and C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1 (CXCL10) in tumor cells25.