In comparison with the HM + STZ group, the TSF group exhibited significantly lower urinary albumin/creatinine levels (5.42 ± 1.61 mg/g, 22.56 ± 7.57 mg/g, and 123.78 ± 21.51 mg/g from the 4-week to 12-week treatment of TSF, P < 0.05, Fig. 3D), which was consistent with the improvement of glomerulosclerosis in renal tissue (Fig. 3E). Here, ALB is linked to glomerulosclerosis.