The results showed that elevated levels of the SOCS3 gene were a high-risk factor for increased risk of PBC (OR 1.387, 95% CI [1.049, 1.835], P = 0.022), and there was no causal relationship with SLE (OR 0.992, 95% CI [0.936, 1.051], P = 0.787). Here, SOCS3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.