PRTN3 and gestational diabetes: As shown in Fig. 4, NE positive area and PR3 positive area was significantly higher in GDM placental tissue than non-GDM tissue shown by AOD (NE 0.26 ± 0.05 vs. 0.17 ± 0.01 ng/mL, p < 0.001; PR3 0.30 ± 0.09 vs. 0.17 ± 0.03 ng/mL, p < 0.001, respectively).