TNF and systemic-onset juvenile idiopathic arthritis: In children with sJIA, the hyperinflammatory state is not controlled promptly and, under the influence of various triggers, leads to overactivation and proliferation of T lymphocytes and macrophages, resulting in a “cytokine storm,” including the overproduction of cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-18, interferon (IFN)-γ and TNF-α, etc., and the over release of these cytokines can lead to coronary inflammation and vascular endothelial injury [20].