Moreover, certain biomarkers indicative of liver injury and cholestasis, such as gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and total bilirubin (TBIL) have been utilized to reflect the status of hepatic damage and evaluate prognostic outcomes in patients with cholangiocarcinoma. This evidence concerns the gene GPT and cholestasis.