The results showed that the expression levels of CSMD3, LRP1B, MUC16 and TTN in both lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were significantly increased (p < 0.05), CARD8, TP53 and ZFHX4 were significantly reduced in the expression levels of the two lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (p < 0.05), NLRP1 was only expressed in A549 cell lines (p < 0.05), NLRP3 expression trend was inconsistent in the two cell lines (p < 0.01), and NAIP expression levels in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were not significantly different from normal human bronchial epithelial cells (p > 0.05). The gene discussed is NLRP1; the disease is lung adenocarcinoma.