Indeed, butyrate augmented the frequency of ILC3s (mainly CCR6+ and NCR− subsets) in the colon and small intestine LP during CDI in both control and HBO-treated mice (Figure 6a; S7h,i) as well as their ability to produce IL-22, IL-17, and IFN-γ after ex vivo stimulation with IL-1β and IL-23 (Figure 6b). The gene discussed is IL1B; the disease is clostridium difficile infection.