Similarly, rL. lactis treatment followed by infection with C. perfringens increased the frequency of these cells in duodenum (p ≤ 0.005), jejunum (p ≤ 0.0001) and cecal tonsils (p ≤ 0.01) CD3ζ + CD8α + γδ T cells when compared to control chickens (Figure 6C). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and infection.