NPM1 is a multifunctional protein that, under normal physiological conditions, localizes to the nucleolus and is involved in the assembly and transport of ribosomal proteins by shuttling between the nucleolus, nucleoplasm, and cytoplasm, regulating centrosome replication and participating in apoptosis and genome stability 26 Mutant NPM1 (namely, mutations located in exon 12) has been reported to be specific to acute myeloid leukemia 27. This evidence concerns the gene NPM1 and acute myeloid leukemia.