A population-based trial in 2020 confirmed that STING expression in mononuclear cell-derived macrophages (CCR2+, S100A9+) and liver-resident macrophages (KCs) was significantly increased during the progression of NAFLD, particularly NASH, whereas STING expression was increased only in KCs during the progression of NASH to cirrhotic liver cancer 93. This evidence concerns the gene STING1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.