ALB and Abnormal renal physiology: We next examined the therapeutic effect of SIS3 on the development of T2DN in pre-diabetic db/db mice at the age of 4 weeks and found that SIS3 treatment for 8 weeks (4-12 weeks) could dose-dependently protect against the development of T2DN by lowing the serum levels of creatinine and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR), again with the best inhibitory effect on renal dysfunctions at 2.5mg/kg (Figure 1E, F).