Another study from China103 examined 381 cancer-associated genes in the germline of 1427 patients with HCC and discovered 3.5% of these patients carried germline variants in ATR, BLM, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, FANCA, FANCC, FANCD2, MSH6, MLH11, MUTYH, PALB2, PMS2, RAD50, and SMARCA4. The method for calling gene mutations was not described, and the specific variant allele sequences were not reported in this study. Here, BRCA1 is linked to hepatocellular carcinoma.