Another study from China103 examined 381 cancer-associated genes in the germline of 1427 patients with HCC and discovered 3.5% of these patients carried germline variants in ATR, BLM, BRCA1/2, CHEK2, FANCA, FANCC, FANCD2, MSH6, MLH11, MUTYH, PALB2, PMS2, RAD50, and SMARCA4. The method for calling gene mutations was not described, and the specific variant allele sequences were not reported in this study. This evidence concerns the gene PMS2 and hepatocellular carcinoma.