While pro-inflammatory IL-6 (p<0.009) was elevated in the mod-sev TB group, Th1 cytokines such as IFN-γ (p<0.002) and TNF-α (p<0.009) but also IL-7 (p<0.05), IL-17A (p<0.05) and RANTES (p<0.009), were all significantly higher in mild TB disease (Figures 6A-F). The gene discussed is TNF; the disease is tuberculosis.